Information about Crohn's Disease to help you claim PIP:
This guide provides insights into Crohn’s Disease and its potential impact on daily living and mobility. It explains how Crohn’s Disease might affect your ability to carry out everyday activities safely, effectively, accurately, and repeatedly.
Crohn’s Disease is a long-term condition where part of your gut is inflamed. The condition cannot be cured but can be prevented or managed with a range of treatments.
Symptoms can include the following:
- Feeling tired and generally unwell
- Diarrhoea
- Stomach pains/cramps
- Constipation
- Mucus or blood in your poo
- Losing weight due to loss of appetite
- Pain in your bottom
Other symptoms may include other parts of your body including skin rashes, joint pain or sore eyes.
Some of these symptoms can be linked to other conditions, such as, Colitis, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Diverticular Disease, Coeliac Disease.
These symptoms can vary and can cause people to have flareups and remissions which vary in intensity and length of time.
A formal diagnosis can take a long time and requires a range of tests e.g. blood tests, stool samples, endoscopy, colonoscopy or gastroscopy, biopsies and a range of scans – MRI, ultrasound and/CT scan.
Treatment
This can vary over time and depends how Crohn’s Disease affects you. A range of healthcare professionals will be involved in your care as well as a range of medication to help manage your condition. Your condition may mean that you need to have surgery where damaged areas of your bowel are removed and healthy sections are joined together. It may also mean that you have to have the end of your bowel coming through a hole in your tummy in the form of an ileostomy or colostomy.
Crohn’s Disease can cause complications and over time can lead to:
- Fistula – a tunnel develops and connects your bowel to another part of your body.
- Anal Fissure – a tear or sore near to your anus.
- A part of your gut becomes narrower which can cause a blockage or make it more difficult for food to pass through.
- A perforated bowel.
- If you are at higher risk of bowel cancer, you may be offered regular colonoscopies to check this.
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Daily living descriptors
The following sections outline the daily activities assessed in PIP claims and how Crohn’s Disease may affect them. This is not an exhaustive list; ensure all relevant details are included in your application.
1. Preparing food
Crohn’s Disease can impact how you prepare a simple meal in a variety of ways:
- You are unable to stand for any length of time in the kitchen because you feel unwell due to your Crohn’s Disease.
- You may need to leave the kitchen urgently as you require the toilet and this may result in food being spoilt/burnt.
- You may need to be prompted/reminded to prepare food due to low mood/lack of motivation due to your Crohn’s Disease.
- You may not need to prepare traditional foods if you have a feeding tube or you take nutrition through an IV drip or have Ensure drinks.
- You prepare foods which do not trigger your symptoms which results in a limited range of options.
- Preparing food leaves you fatigued and you have to do things slowly.
- Does someone else prepare your food? Describe the reasons why this is the case.
Do you need assistance in the kitchen in terms of someone taking over the food preparation because you need to use the toilet urgently, in some cases on more than one occasion etc?
2. Eating and drinking
You may experience the following when eating and drinking:
- You may struggle to eat/drink if you have painful mouth ulcers and/or inflammation in your body.
- If you have a stricture in your colon, you may need to eat/drink smaller quantities to prevent a blockage.
- A low fibre diet may be being followed if you have stricture in your colon.
- You are unable to finish the food on your plate because your gut does not allow you to finish what you are eating/drinking
- Eating spicy foods can lead to worsening symptoms.
- You may need to stop eating/drinking instantly because you need to use the toilet urgently.
- A medical professional may have prescribed additional supplements due to your condition as you may not be the absorbing nutrients you are consuming.
- You may struggle to maintain your weight due to inflammation, abdominal pain/cramps, not being able to tolerate certain foods/drinks, poor appetite etc.
- Low mood and/or lack of motivation may prevent you from eating/drinking.
- You are prompted and reminded by someone to eat/drink.
- You may have drink supplements e.g. Ensure
- You may be fed through a feeding tube or an IV drip.
You skip meals due pain, fatigue, bowel issues, lack of appetite, low mood etc.
3. Managing Treatments
This descriptor examines how you manage health-related treatments, and you may find:
- You may attend self-management support groups.
- You are under a dietitian.
- If you take medication, may need to be prompted and reminded when to take it or you set an alarm on your phone as a reminder to take your medication.
- A dosette box may need to be used to remind you to take your medication?
- Do you experience any side effects from your medication?
- Do you have any therapies at home e.g. physiotherapy or you have been given a set of exercises to do at home from a physiotherapist?
What other health professionals are monitoring your condition e.g. GP, Gastroenterologist, specialist bowel nurse, Colorectal surgeons etc.
4. Washing and Bathing
This looks at the ability of being able to bath or shower and what issues you may experience:
- You need to be prompted or reminded to have a bath or shower because you avoid washing and bathing due experiencing symptoms of Crohn’s disease – toilet urgency, abdominal pain/cramps, fatigue, nausea, joint pain etc.
- Do you use any aids/adaptations in the bath or shower e.g. grab rails, shower seat, bath board, long handled brush, non-slip mat etc?
- Do you need someone to help you in/out bath or shower due to abdominal pain/cramps, fatigue, joint pain, nausea etc?
- Do you only bath/shower when someone is around to help you in and out of the bath/shower, in case you slip/fall or have bowel leakage in the bath/shower?
- Do you need help with washing/bathing from someone else due to abdominal pain/cramps, mobility issues and not being able to reach you back, lower legs, wash your hair etc?
5. Using the toilet and managing incontinence
This descriptor is about the ability to use a toilet independently and to be able clean yourself afterwards and have no continence issues:
- You may have to be close to a toilet due to frequency and urgency you experience with or without warnings.
- You may experience bowel incontinence, and your incontinence pads do not contain the faeces, and you have to wash yourself and change your clothing regularly.
- You may experience nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain/cramps when using the toilet.
- If you are not at home, you need to plan where toilets are and take with you changes of clothing, incontinence pads and personal hygiene products to clean yourself, if necessary.
- You have a stoma bag which collects faeces? Did you have an ostomy? Do you have issues of the bag leaking, frequent changes of clothing due to this, smells from the stoma bag
Do you have a radar key to access disability toilets when not at home?
6. Dressing and undressing
This looks at whether you can dress and undress yourself and choose appropriate clothing:
- You wear clothing that is not restrictive around the bowel region.
- You find that you are changing and washing your clothes more frequently due to your bowel issues.
- You are having to throw clothes away and buy new ones due to your Crohn’s Disease. This is because your clothing is spoiled and stained due to leakages, soiling etc.
- Don’t always get dressed/undressed and stay in the same clothing due to low mood, lack of motivation, abdominal pain/cramps, fatigue, nausea etc.
- Do you dress/undress slowly due to abdominal pain/cramps, fatigue, nausea etc.
- When you have dressed/undressed do you need to rest? Or do you need to dress/undress in stages, resting in between?
- Are you prompted and reminded by someone to get dressed and/or change your clothing?
- Are you ok with opening /closing fastenings on clothing e.g. buttons, zips, press studs etc?
- Have you changed the type of clothing that you wear to make it easier when you need the toilet urgently so that it is easier to get on/off?
7. Communicating Verbally
This descriptor looks at someone’s ability to verbally communicate and to be able to express and convey information and to be able to receive and understand information:
People with Crohn’s disease do not usually have issues with communication. If you have communication issues, then you need to state what these are.
8. Reading understanding signs, Symbols and Words
This relates to the ability to read and understand written or printed information:
People with Crohn’s Disease do not usually have issues with reading, understanding signs, symbols and words. If you have issues with reading, then you need to state what they are.
9. Mixing with Other People
People with Crohn’s Disease can struggle socially and find it difficult due to:
- You struggle to mix with other people due to your Crohn’s Disease as you are worried if you have an issue such as not finding the toilet in time, soiling yourself, having to clean yourself up and change your clothing, smells from the stoma bag etc.
- You need help and support from another person due to your condition e.g. anxiety, low mood etc.
- You become stressed and overwhelmed mixing with people because you are paranoid about the way that you look e.g. you have lost weight due to your condition, steroids have caused your body to swell and put on weight, etc.
- You are unable to mix with people because you are experiencing low mood due to your health condition which includes pain, flare ups, issues with body image etc.
After mixing with people, you find yourself exhausted and you need to rest.
This descriptor looks at if you can manage their money:
- People with Crohn’s Disease can usually manage their money and have no issues in this area. If this is not the case, then you need to explain the issues you experience.
Mobility descriptors
These evaluate how Crohn’s Disease may affect mobility related tasks. This is not an exhaustive list; ensure all relevant details are included in your application.
1. Planning and Following a Journeys
Crohn’s Disease may make planning and following a journey challenging:
- You may struggle to plan or navigate an unfamiliar journey without support from someone else due to your condition.
- It may require meticulous planning such as, finding out where the toilets are going to be on your route etc.
- You may need someone with you on the journey due to anxiety and stress and the uncertainty of whether you will have bowel issues along the way.
- You will not go on a journey without someone, and you will cancel the appointment and rearrange it. This is due to being anxious, stressed and fear of any bowel issues which may occur etc.
- You do not use public transport because you live too far away from a bus stop, you are unable to get to the bus stop due to abdominal pain/cramps, fatigue, joint pain, nausea etc, you do not have reliable buses in your area, you do not like being around people on the bus in case you have bowel issues resulting in you urgently needing a toilet and/or you soil yourself.
- Your journeys may need to be cut short as you need to return home due to your bowel issues and/or your mental health due to your health issues.
- I avoid leaving the house because of my condition as I don’t know if I will have an accident and/or flare up.
- When on a journey, do you suffer panic attacks?
2. Moving around
Moving around may be affected due to Crohn’s Disease:
- You need to stop and rest due to fatigue, abdominal pain/cramps, nausea, joint pain etc. due to a flare up of the condition.
- Think about how often you need to stop and how long you need to rest for before you can continue walking.
- Do you use any aids to help you move around e.g. walking stick, crutches, wheelchair etc?
Do you walk more slowly than a person of a similar age who does not have your health condition because of abdominal pain/cramps, joint pain, fatigue, nausea etc.
Finally…
It is important that when you complete your PIP form, that you include how Crohn’s Disease affects you in relation to each descriptor. Ensure that you give specific examples, under each descriptor, where you have struggled due your Crohn’s Disease, where appropriate. It is important that you include any aids, adaptations or support/supervision that you need to help you complete each activity, where appropriate.
This information only covers Crohn’s Disease. If you have any other health conditions and/or disability you should include how they impact you under the relevant descriptors.
Remember to include copies of any relevant medical evidence, diagnosis letters, care plans etc to support your claim for PIP.
Please remember that this is not a complete list and if you have other symptoms or conditions that affect this descriptor, they need to be included on your PIP claim. More information can be found at www.gov.uk
This Information is correct as of March 2026

